Cosmas Megalommatis, World Politics In The 5th Century: The Perso-Roman Relations
Cosmas Megalommatis, World Politics in the 5th century: the Perso-Roman relations
Κοσμάς Μεγαλομμάτης, World Politics τον 5ο αιώνα: οι περσορωμαϊκές σχέσεις – περιοδικό Διαβάζω, 180, 9 Δεκεμβρίου 1987, σελ. 107-110
Cosmas Megalommatis, World Politics in the 5th century: the Perso-Roman relations – Diavazo magazine, 180, December 9, 1987, pp. 107-110
Кузьма Мегаломматис, Мировая политика в V веке: персидско-римские отношения – журнал Диавазо, 180, 9 декабря 1987 г., стр. 107-110.
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More Posts from S-afshar and Others
Κοσμάς Μεγαλομμάτης, Απσού: Παγκόσμια Μυθολογία-1989
Κοσμάς Μεγαλομμάτης, Απσού: Παγκόσμια Μυθολογία, Ελληνική Εκπαιδευτική Εγκυκλοπαίδεια, 1989
Кузьма Мегаломматис, Абзу (и Апсу): мировая мифология, Греческая педагогическая энциклопедия, 1989
Kosmas Megalommatis, Abzu: Weltmythologie, Griechische Pädagogische Enzyklopädie, 1989
Kosmas Gözübüyükoğlu, Apsû: Dünya Mitolojisi, Yunan Pedagoji Ansiklopedisi, 1989
قزمان ميغالوماتيس، آبزو : اساطیر جهانی، دایره المعارف آموزشی یونانی، 1989
Côme Megalommatis, Apsû (et Abzu): Mythologie mondiale, Encyclopédie pédagogique grecque, 1989
1989 قزمان ميغالوماتيس، أبزو: الأساطير العالمية، الموسوعة التربوية اليونانية،
Cosimo Megalommatis, Apsû: mitologia mondiale, Enciclopedia pedagogica greca, 1989
Cosimo Megalommatis, Apsú (o Abzu): mitología mundial, Enciclopedia pedagógica griega, 1989
Cosmas Megalommatis, Apsu: World Mythology, Greek Pedagogical Encyclopedia, 1989
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The goddess Selket (with a scorpion upon her head) and queen Nefertari in the distance, depicted within the Tomb of Nefertari, Valley of the Queens.
The Fake Texts of Ancient Greek 'Historians': the Behistun Inscription, Ctesias, Diodorus Siculus, Darius I the Great, and Semiramis
In a previous article published under the title 'Aristotle as Historical Forgery, the Western World’s Fake History & Rotten Foundations, and Prof. Jin Canrong’s Astute Comments', I wholeheartedly supported the position taken by the prominent Chinese Prof. Jin Canrong about Aristotle and I explained why Aristotle never existed as he is known today and most of his texts were not written by him, but by the pseudo-Christian Benedictine monks of Western Europe for the purpose of the ferocious imperial and theological battle that Rome carried out against New Rome-Constantinople and the Eastern Roman Empire. You can find the table of contents and a link to the publication at the end of the present article.
Contents
Introduction
I. A fictional concept: the origin of the fraud
II. A construct based on posterior textual sources
III. The deceitful presentation
IV. 5th century BCE texts found in 15th c. CE manuscripts do not make 'History'.
V. Abundant evidence of lies and deliberate distortions attested in the manuscript transmission
VI. Darius I the Great, the Behistun inscription, and Ctesias
VII. The historical Assyrian Queen Shammuramat and the fictional Queen Semiramis of the 'Ancient Greek sources'
VIII. The malignant intentions of the Benedictine liars: from the historical Darius I the Great to the fictional Semiramis
IX. The vicious distortions of the Benedictine liars: from Ctesias to Herodotus
The Behistun inscription
Introduction
In the present article, I will offer a typical example of text falsification carried out by the Catholic monks, who did not 'copy and preserve' manuscripts of ancient Greek and Latin texts, as it has been mendaciously said by Western European and North American academics and lying scholars, but they purposefully falsified, distorted, concealed, destroyed and/or contrived numerous texts.
This enormous forgery took place in Western Europe between the 2nd half of the 8th century and the 1st half of the 15th century; the colonial era was launched exactly afterwards. For this reason, few manuscripts with Ancient Greek and Roman texts date before the 8th c.; in fact, most of them have been either distorted and replaced or hidden in the vast libraries still owned, controlled and administered that the anti-Christian Roman Catholic Church.
The purpose of this devious and evil effort was the fabrication of a fake narrative about the forged antiquity and the supposed importance of the Western Europeans according to the needs of world conquest, prevalence and preponderance of the pseudo-Christian Roman Catholic Church; this bogus-historical dogma, as direct opposition to and ultimate rejection of Orthodox Christianity, would be initially imposed as the 'scientific discipline of History' in Western Europe and subsequently projected onto the rest of the world by means of colonial invasion, indigenous identity destruction, moral integrity demolition, cultural heritage disintegration, educational subordination, economic exploitation, military subjugation, and socio-political domination.
In other words, the monastical scribes and copyists created an entirely fake Euro-centric past, which became the rotten foundation of Western Europe. This fallacy became known as Judeo-Christian world and Greco-Roman civilization. However, the decipherment of ancient languages (Egyptian hieroglyphic, Old Achaemenid Iranian, Assyrian-Babylonian, Sumerian, Hurrian, Hittite, Urartu, Ugaritic, etc) and the study of millions of original texts, which were not copies of earlier sources but contemporaneous to the events that they narrated, sounded the death knell of the era of history fabrication programs.
With the post-Soviet rise of the great continental powers (China, India, Russia, etc.), the economic-military-political-ideological-educational-academic-cultural tyranny of the Western World started being overthrown throughout the earlier colonized world. The historical forgery that the colonial rulers imposed collapsed, the falsehood of the Eurocentric dogma of World History started being revealed and rejected, and an overwhelming project of total de-Westernization appeared as a prerequisite for the liberation of the Mankind from the lies of the European Renaissance, the Western Humanities, the White Supremacism, the Western European colonialism and racism, as well as from the falsehood of numerous subsystems of the construct, such as Classicism, Hellenism, Orientalism, etc.
In our days, it is imperative for anti-colonial scholars to unveil the distortions applied to Ancient Greek and Latin texts by the medieval monks. Consequently, historians from all over the world have to work together in order to denounce and obliterate the Western fraud and the fake History of the Western Man, which consists in arbitrarily taking 14th c. CE manuscripts as authentic narratives of Ancient History.
I. A fictional concept: the origin of the fraud
Apparently, the present brief article cannot be an exhaustive presentation of the Western fraud, and of the historical forgery that the Western monks, manuscript copyists, collectors, academics and propagandists attempted to impose worldwide through colonial conquests, massacres and tyrannies. However, I can still enumerate the major founding myths of the Western World.
Two thematic circles of historical distortions and fraudulent claims made by the Western academia revolve around the following two entirely fabricated entities, which have conventionally but erroneously been called
a) "the Greco-Roman world" and
b) "Biblical Israel" and "Judeo-Christian civilization".
These ahistorical entities never existed. The original concept of those notions is purely fictional, and it therefore remains always unquestioned in the fraudulent Western universities. In this regard, the sources that the Western academics evoke to support their claims are posterior, untrustworthy, forged and therefore worthless.
At times, some of those texts represent merely ancient authors' misperceptions of earlier texts and authors; however, more often, the ancient texts have been tampered with. On other occasions, ancient texts that refute the lies of other historical sources are hidden from the general public and conventionally discussed among the Western academic accomplices.
II. A construct based on posterior textual sources
The entire construct hinges on the deceitful presentation of several types of material forged, collected, concealed, interpreted, contextualized, narrated, repeatedly but intentionally discussed, supposedly questioned, and selectively popularized; this was due to the fact that the said material was incessantly utilized for the colonial needs and targets of the Western European powers (England, France, Holland, Spain, Portugal, and more recently the US). In fact, the Western World's fake History was created as the ultimate support of all colonial claims.
This process happened within a system in which posterior textual sources (preserved in medieval manuscripts) have occupied the central position, whereas the ancient epigraphic material, which was contemporaneous to the historical events under study, has been deliberately disregarded.
All later discovered data and pieces of information were either adjusted to the construct or methodically hidden; this is how the original concept, pathetically believed almost as a religious dogma, remained totally unchallenged down to our days.
III. The deceitful presentation
The quintessence of the deceitful presentation involves a vicious trick; people (pupils and students, but also scholars and intellectuals, as well as the general public) are taught and made accustomed to care mainly about the absolutely insignificant dates of birth and death of historical persons (authors, rulers, etc.), and not about the dates of the manuscripts in which these individuals are mentioned as supposed authors; this situation turns readers, students and scholars into pathetic idiots.
Subsequently, we cannot seriously afford to describe Herodotus as a 5th c. BCE writer, because there is no manuscript with texts attributed to him, dating before the 10th c. CE. In addition, if we take into account the enormous number of other ancient authors decrying, denigrating and rejecting Herodotus' absurdities and malignancy, we have to permanently and irrevocably obliterate Herodotus from the History of Mankind and consider his false, paranoid and racist texts as a double Crime against the Mankind:
first, with respect to the original narrative (to which we don't have access as it was distorted by medieval monastical scribes and copyists) because the author attempted to disparage the superior Iranian civilization and the majestic Achaemenid universalist empire, while undeservedly praising the South Balkan barbarians, and
second, as regards the currently available text, which was forged as per the discriminatory intentions of the monks who altered and distorted it in their effort to fabricate the fake, modern divide (or dichotomy) East-West, and to offer a shred of historicity to it.
IV. 5th century BCE texts found in 15th c. CE manuscripts do not make 'History'.
People get therefore addicted to considering as a true and original 'work' (of an ancient author) the manuscript (or manuscripts) in which the specific treatise, essay or book was copied perhaps 10 or 15 centuries after the author composed it. Due to a long chain of intermediaries (namely library copyists, librarians, scholars, monks, collectors, purchasers and/or statesmen), the transmitted text may have been partly or totally changed.
There is absolutely no guarantee as regards the honesty, the good intentions, the unbiased attitude, and the benevolent character of the perhaps 5, 10, 20 or 50 persons who -living in different eras and without knowing one another- may have constituted the chain of (unknown to us) intermediaries between the hand of the author and that of the last copyist whose manuscript was preserved down to our times.
Example: very little matters today whether the ancient author Diodorus Siculus or Siceliotes (西西里的狄奧多羅斯) actually lived in the 1st c. BCE or in the 3rd c. CE; quite contrarily, what is important for history-writing is the fact that the earliest known manuscript of his famous 'Bibliotheca Historica' (世界史) dates back to the 10th c. CE.
Consequently, the first piece of information that should be stated after the name of any 'ancient' Anatolian, Macedonian, Thracian, Greek, Roman and other author is the date of the earliest extant manuscript of his works.
V. Abundant evidence of lies and deliberate distortions attested in the manuscript transmission
An extraordinarily high number of original sources excavated in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Anatolia, Canaan, Iran and elsewhere, and subsequently deciphered, can be dated with accuracy; example: the Annals of great Assyrian emperor Tiglath-pileser III (745-727 BCE) were written during his reign. They are contemporaneous and therefore original.
However, in striking contrast to them, almost all the manuscripts with the works of ancient Greek and Roman authors whose texts have formed the backbone of the fraudulent historical dogma of the Western academia are not contemporaneous but posterior by, at times, 1500 or 2000 years.
Even worse, numerous ancient Greek authors' texts were not preserved through a manuscript tradition at all; they were saved as references in posterior authors' works. This concerns, for instance, Ctesias (克特西亞斯), an Ancient Carian (Anatolian) physician and erudite scholar, who lived and worked in the court of the Achaemenid Iranian emperor Artaxerxes II in the 5th c. BCE.
Later, willing to offer potential guidebooks to Iran and India for the use of various peripheral peoples and tribes of the Balkan region, Ctesias elaborated in Ancient Ionian (愛奧尼亞希臘語) two treatises to describe the state of things in Iran and in India. To the Western academic bibliography, his works are known (in Latin) as 'Persica' and 'Indica'.
These texts were not saved integrally in manuscripts copied for the purpose of preserving Ctesias' works, but they were preserved in Diodorus Siculus' 'Bibliotheca Historica'. Although he is not known through authentic and contemporaneous Iranian sources, we can deduce that Ctesias certainly spoke fluently the official language of the Empire and read Old Achaemenid cuneiform. Eventually, he may have also studied and learned Babylonian and Elamite cuneiform, namely two ancient Mesopotamian cuneiform languages and writings the use of which was maintained by Iranian scribes.
Apparently, Ctesias had a firsthand insight, as he lived for many years in Parsa (Persepolis), the capital of the Achaemenid Empire and he also traveled extensively along with the Iranian emperor. But, unfortunately, the following ordeal was produced.
VI. Darius I the Great, the Behistun inscription, and Ctesias
One century before Ctesias served Artaxerxes II, the empire of Iran was saved by Darius I the Great (大流士一世; reign: 522-486), who overthrew a usurper, namely the Mithraic (密特拉教祭司) magus Gaumata (高墨达), and by so doing, preserved on the throne a dynasty of faithful Zoroastrian (瑣羅亞斯德教徒) monarchs.
To commemorate his great victory and the consolidation of the his dynasty, Darius I the Great had an enormous rock relief and a monumental inscription (貝希斯敦銘文) engraved on the rocks of Mount Behistun (貝希斯頓山), at a distance of 150 km west of Hamadan (哈马丹; Ekbatana/埃克巴坦那) in Western Iran (15 m high by 25 m wide and 100 m up the cliff). As it can be easily understood, these events occurred after the assassination of Cambyses, at the very beginning of Darius I the Great's reign.
It goes without saying that the successors of Darius I the Great and the imperial Iranian administration knew perfectly well the historical details and were fully aware of the imperial inscription that immortalized the event, which had obviously become the cornerstone of the imperial education.
VII. The historical Assyrian Queen Shammuramat and the fictional Queen Semiramis of the 'Ancient Greek sources'
However, one century later, when Ctesias lived in Iran, served the Iranian Emperor, and spoke Old Achaemenid Iranian (and if not, he was surrounded by the Empire's top interpreters and advisers), something disastrously odd 'happened'.
According to Diodorus Siculus, who explicitly stated that he extensively quoted from Ctesias' text (Bibliotheca Historica, II 13), the imperial Carian physician and author appears to have attributed the Behistun inscription and the rock reliefs to none else than the Assyrian Queen Shammuramat (薩穆-拉瑪特), who was the queen consort of the Assyrian Emperor Shamshi Adad V (沙姆什·阿達德五世; reign: 824-811) and co-regent (811-805) during the first years of reign of her son Adad Nirari III (阿达德尼拉里三世; reign: 811-783)!
Furthermore, in the 'Ancient Greek' text of Diodorus Siculus, the monumental inscription was said to be written in Assyrian cuneiform (Συρίοις γράμμασιν)! Even worse, in the same text (as preserved today), it was also stated that, in the rock relief, there was also a representation of the Assyrian queen!
Ctesias' text, as preserved by Diodorus Siculus, is truly abundant in information, but it is historically impossible and therefore entirely forged. Due to this and many other texts, an enormous chasm was unnecessarily formed between
a) the historical queen Shammuramat of Assyria, whose historicity is firmly undeniable, due to the existence of several contemporaneous cuneiform sources excavated in Assyria, and subsequently deciphered and published,
and
b) the purely fictional Assyrian queen Semiramis (沙米拉姆) of the posterior Ancient Greek textual sources that were supposedly 'preserved' (but in reality deliberately distorted and forged) in the Benedictine manuscripts of Western Europe's monasteries.
However, if we examine closely the facts, we will surely understand what truly occurred in this case; then, we will be able to fathom how the fake History of the Western world was fabricated.
The Behistun inscription is trilingual, as it was written in Old Achaemenid Iranian (the earliest form of written Iranian languages), Babylonian, and Elamite; this was a very common practice during the Achaemenid times (550-330 BCE). The main figure of the associated rock relief is Darius I the Great, evidently the representation of a male royal.
One way or another, with respect to the Behistun inscription and rock relief, Ctesias certainly knew everything that we know today after the successive decipherments of the Old Achaemenid, Babylonian and Elamite cuneiform writings, or perhaps even more, due to the then extant oral tradition.
VIII. The malignant intentions of the Benedictine liars: from the historical Darius I the Great to the fictional Semiramis
The Behistun inscription is not Assyrian; the representation is not that of female royal; and the monument is totally unrelated to Shammuramat, who had lived 300 years before Darius I the Great and 400 years before Artaxerxes II's physician Ctesias. More importantly, by that time, the Assyrian Empire did not occupy the lands surrounding Behistun. Accompanied by Iranian imperial officers and his associates, Ctesias certainly learned all the details of the monumental inscription that we can now read in articles, courses, lectures, books and encyclopedias.
The narrative was a triumph for Darius I the Great and a spectacular rebuttal of the vicious Mithraic Magi who had supported the defeated evil sorcerer and villain Gaumata. Apparently, writing a guidebook for Iran to help marginal people of the Empire's Balkan periphery, Ctesias did not have any reason to say lies. Moreover, we don't have any reason to believe that Diodorus Siculus needed to distort the truth to that extent, when copying and thus preserving Ctesias' masterpiece for the posterity.
However, the transmission of the details about the Behistun inscription embarrassed the Benedictine copyists who wanted to denigrate Darius I the Great and to portray his great empire in a most derogatory manner. They had already proceeded in this manner, distorting other manuscripts, forging texts, and fabricating their pseudo-historical narratives at will.
That is why Ctesias' pertinent text, which had certainly been preserved in its original form within Diodorus Siculus' Bibliotheca Historica, was intentionally distorted by the Benedictine 'Holy Inquisition of Libraries', which fabricated the myths of today's Western world some time after the middle of the 8th c. CE. To be accurate, Ctesias' historical description was entirely replaced by a fictional and historically nonsensical account.
The unbelievable lies -invented and included in Diodorus Siculus' quotations from Ctesias- risked making of the fictional queen Semiramis a world ruler! Whereas the Assyrian Empire at the end of the 9th c. BCE did not control even the western half of today's Iranian territory, the unequivocally mythicized Semiramis had supposedly sent her armies up to India where those fictitious Assyrian soldiers were trampled by the elephants. This worthless narrative that replaced Ctesias' original text may very well have been invented as a 'historical' excuse for Alexander the Great's failure to advance deep inside India.
IX. The vicious distortions of the Benedictine liars: from Ctesias to Herodotus
But if the fictional Semiramis' Indian campaign is entirely false, so are then the preposterous narratives of Herodotus about Darius I the Great's and Xerxes I the Great's campaigns in the insignificant and barbarian circumference of South Balkans. These texts involved evil purposes, heinous anti-Iranian biases, fictional battles, racist discourses, vicious lies, incredibly large number of the Iranian armies, and absurdly high number of Iranian casualties.
The mendacious but idiotic Benedictine monks, who wrote those slander tales did not apparently expect that, sometime in the future, excavations would bring to light splendid Iranian antiquities, original cuneiform documentation, and trustworthy contemporaneous historical sources, whereas a systematic effort of decipherment would offer to people all over the world direct access to historical texts written in dead languages, thus irrevocably canceling Herodotus' nonsensical report and, even more importantly, the later distortions that the Benedictine monks made on their worthless manuscripts.
In any case, had those fictional campaigns against 'Greece' had a shred of truth to them, they would have certainly been documented one way or another in various Old Achaemenid, Babylonian, Elamite, Imperial Aramaic, Egyptian hieroglyphic or other sources; but they were not.
Even worse, the meaningless and ludicrous battles of Marathon, Thermopylae, Salamis, and their likes would have been commemorated by the Seleucids, the Ptolemies, and the Attalids all the way down to the Romans and the Eastern Romans. But we know quite well that the nonexistent, fictional past of the so-called Ancient Greek world was absolutely irrelevant to them: precisely because it had not yet been fabricated.
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Aristotle as Historical Forgery, the Western World’s Fake History & Rotten Foundations, and Prof. Jin Canrong’s Astute Comments
Contents
I. Aristotle: a Major Founding Myth of the Western World
II. When, where and by whom was the Myth of Aristotle fabricated?
III. The Myth of Aristotle and its first Byproducts: Scholasticism, East-West Schism, the Crusades & the Sack of Constantinople (1204)
IV. Aristotelization: First Stage of the Westernization and the Colonization of the World
V. Aristotelization as Foundation of all the Western Forgeries: the so-called Judeo-Christian Heritage and the Fraud of Greco-Roman Civilization
VI. The Modern Western World as Disruption of History
VII. The Myth of Aristotle and the Monstrosity of Western Colonialism
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François Bocion - Venice at sunset (1874)
A Roman shrine to the god Mithras (Mithraeum), ca. A.D. 240, from Dura-Europos (Syria).
The cult of Mithras first became evident in Rome towards the late 1st century AD. Having originated in Persia, during the next two centuries, it spread to the frontiers of the Western empire. It is referred to as a Roman “mystery” cult, for an initiation ceremony was required in joining, and the members kept the activities and liturgy of the cult strictly secret. Due to the highly secretive nature of the cult, our evidence for it is essentially entirely archaeological. Here we have a rare of example of a Mithraeum from Dura-Europos, which appears to be originally set in private house -a rare case indeed. The Yale University Art Gallery give the following description:
A shrine to the god Mithras, the Mithraeum at Dura-Europos was commissioned A.D. 168/69 by Palmyrene archers serving in the Roman army. It was renovated and enlarged in A.D. 209/11. The reconstruction on view here represents the third and final phase, dating to around A.D. 240. Unlike most Mithraea, which were underground to commemorate the god’s birth in a cave, the Dura Mithraeum was built into a private house.
The cult of Mithras attained popularity in the Roman period among soldiers and merchants. Restricted to men, it was a mystery religion thought to include initiation, ritual banquets, and the promise of salvation after death. The primary cult image was the tauroctony, or Mithras slaying the Cosmic Bull, often paired with an image of Mithras banqueting with Sol, god of the sun (as seen in the painting at left). Other common images included events from the life of Mithras and zodiac signs. While the subjects depicted in most Mithraea are similar, style and composition vary. The Dura Mithraeum contained two tauroctony reliefs, one above the other. The side walls showed Mithras as a mounted archer in a presentation that would have resonated with the Palmyrene archers who founded the shrine. (Yale)
Courtesy of & can be viewed at the Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, CT. Via their online collections: 1935.100.
Wall painting from a Christian church, Qocho (Gaochang), 683–770 CE. The murals from the Christian temple at Qocho (German: Wandbilder aus einem christlichen Tempel, Chotscho) consist of three fragments from Church of the East wall paintings—Palm Sunday, Repentance, and Entry into Jerusalem. These were discovered by the German Turpan expedition in the early 20th century, led by archaeologists Albert Grünwedel and Albert von Le Coq.
Dating from the 7th to 9th centuries, the murals originated in a now-ruined Church of the East structure in Qocho, an ancient oasis city in Chinese Turkestan—modern-day Xinjiang, China—which once served as the capital of the Uyghur Kingdom of Qocho. The original Entry into Jerusalem mural has been lost; only a line drawing made by Grünwedel survives. Today, the surviving murals are housed in the Museum of Asian Art in Dahlem, Berlin.
Κοσμάς Μεγαλομμάτης, Νεργκάλ: Παγκόσμια Μυθολογία-1989
Κοσμάς Μεγαλομμάτης, Νεργκάλ: Παγκόσμια Μυθολογία, Ελληνική Εκπαιδευτική Εγκυκλοπαίδεια, 1989
Кузьма Мегаломматис, Нергал: мировая мифология, Греческая педагогическая энциклопедия, 1989
Kosmas Megalommatis, Nergal: Weltmythologie, Griechische Pädagogische Enzyklopädie, 1989
Kosmas Gözübüyükoğlu, Nergal: Dünya Mitolojisi, Yunan Pedagoji Ansiklopedisi, 1989
قزمان ميغالوماتيس، نرگال : اساطیر جهانی، دایره المعارف آموزشی یونانی، 1989
Côme Megalommatis, Nergal: Mythologie mondiale, Encyclopédie pédagogique grecque, 1989
1989 قزمان ميغالوماتيس، نرغال : الأساطير العالمية، الموسوعة التربوية اليونانية،
Cosimo Megalommatis, Nergal (o Nerigal): mitologia mondiale, Enciclopedia pedagogica greca, 1989
Cosimo Megalommatis, Nergal: mitología mundial, Enciclopedia pedagógica griega, 1989
Cosmas Megalommatis, Nergal: World Mythology, Greek Pedagogical Encyclopedia, 1989
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Votive tablet depicting Shamash, the sun-god of Sippar, seated in his shrine with the Babylonian king Nebopaliddin being led into the God's presence by two figures. Babylonian art, 9th century BC.
Learn more https://www.archaeologs.com/w/sippar/
Δούρα Ευρωπός, οι Ιουδαίοι Αραμαίοι, η Συναγωγή και η Νεώτερη Ψευτοϊστορία των Σιωνιστών
Dura Europos: the Jewish Aramaeans, their Synagogue, and the Fake History fabricated by the Zionists
ΑΝΑΔΗΜΟΣΙΕΥΣΗ ΑΠΟ ΤΟ ΣΗΜΕΡΑ ΑΝΕΝΕΡΓΟ ΜΠΛΟΓΚ “ΟΙ ΡΩΜΙΟΙ ΤΗΣ ΑΝΑΤΟΛΗΣ”
Το κείμενο του κ. Νίκου Μπαϋρακτάρη είχε αρχικά δημοσιευθεί την 25η Νοεμβρίου 2019. Αποτελεί συνέχεια του προηγούμενου κειμένου του το οποίο έχει ήδη αναδημοσιευθεί εδώ:
"Δούρα Ευρωπός, το Τέλειο Πρότυπο Πολυπολιτισμικότητας: Αραμαίοι, Έλληνες, Πάρθες, Ρωμαίοι και Πέρσες σε Μοναδικό Θρησκευτικό Συγκρητισμό δίπλα στον Ευφράτη" https://www.academia.edu/66009699/Έλληνες_Πάρθες_Ρωμαίοι_και_Πέρσες_σε_Μοναδικό_Θρησκευτικό_Συγκρητισμό_δίπλα_στον_Ευφράτη
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https://greeksoftheorient.wordpress.com/2019/11/25/δούρα-ευρωπός-οι-αραμαίοι-ιουδαίοι-η-σ/ =================
Οι Ρωμιοί της Ανατολής – Greeks of the Orient
Ρωμιοσύνη, Ρωμανία, Ανατολική Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία
Σε ένα κείμενο που πρόσφατα ανάρτησα στο άλλο μου μπλογκ έκανα μια γενική παρουσίαση της Δούρας Ευρωπού, τεράστιας καραβανούπολης αρχικά ιδρυμένης από τον Σέλευκο Νικάτωρα το 303 π.Χ. που άλλαξε χέρια πολλές φορές ανάμεσα σε Σελευκίδες, Πάρθους Αρσακίδες, Ρωμιούς και Ιρανούς Σασανίδες. Το κείμενο αυτό βρίσκεται εδώ:
Δούρα Ευρωπός, το Τέλειο Πρότυπο Πολυπολιτισμικότητας: Αραμαίοι, Έλληνες, Πάρθες, Ρωμαίοι και Πέρσες σε Μοναδικό Θρησκευτικό Συγκρητισμό δίπλα στον Ευφράτη
https://silkroadorientalgreeks.wordpress.com/2019/11/25/δούρα-ευρωπός-το-τέλειο-πρότυπο-πολυπ/
(επίσης: https://www.academia.edu/66009699/Δούρα_Ευρωπός_το_Τέλειο_Πρότυπο_Πολυπολιτισμικότητας_Αραμαίοι_Έλληνες_Πάρθες_Ρωμαίοι_και_Πέρσες_σε_Μοναδικό_Θρησκευτικό_Συγκρητισμό_δίπλα_στον_Ευφράτη)
Η πόλη παγκόσμιο πρότυπο πολυπολιτισμικότητας ανασκάφηκε στην δεκαετία του 1920 και 1930 και ευτυχώς οι τοιχογραφίες του Μιθραίου, της Χριστιανικής Εκκλησίας, και της Συναγωγής μεταφέρθηκαν από τότε στο Μουσείο της Δαμασκού και διασώθηκαν από την λαίλαπα ισλαμικής τρομοκρατίας που χτύπησε πρόσφατα την Συρία.
Στην Δούρα Ευρωπό συνυπήρχαν
1- Αραμαίοι, οι οποίοι τηρούσαν την παραδοσιακή αραμαϊκή θρησκεία (που είχε διαμορφωθεί υπό την επίδραση της βαβυλωνιακής θρησκείας),
2- Αραμαίοι που είχαν προσχωρήσει στον Μιθραϊσμό, μια θρησκεία ιρανικής προέλευσης,
3- Αραμαίοι που είχαν αποδεχθεί τον Ιουδαϊσμό, όπως και οι Σαμαρείτες των χρόνων του Ιησού, οι οποίοι ήσαν επίσης Αραμαίοι,
4- Αρχαίοι Έλληνες, οι οποίοι τηρούσαν την αρχαία ελληνική θρησκεία,
5- Αρχαίοι Έλληνες είχαν προσχωρήσει στον Μιθραϊσμό προφανώς πριν την επικράτηση του Μιθραϊσμού στην Κομμαγηνή,
6- Ρωμαίοι, οι οποίοι τηρούσαν την αρχαία ρωμαϊκή θρησκεία,
7- Πάρθες και άλλοι Ιρανοί, οι οποίοι ήταν οι πρώτοι που είχαν διαδώσει τον Μιθραϊσμό τόσο δυτικά όσο ο μέσος ρους του Ευφράτη.
Εκτός από πολλούς άλλους ναούς, τείχη, διοικητήρια, πύργους και άλλα αρχιτεκτονήματα, η χριστιανική εκκλησία, το μιθραίο και η συναγωγή της Δούρας Ευρωπού προσελκύουν το ενδιαφέρον των ειδικών και του όποιου φιλομαθούς ταξιδιώτη που θέλει να θαυμάσει τις εντυπωσιακές τοιχογραφίες της συναγωγής της Δούρας Ευρωπού στο Εθνικό Αρχαιολογικό Μουσείο της Δαμασκού.
Αποτελεί μόνον μικρό δείγμα της ψευτοϊστορίας των Ασκενάζι Χαζάρων ψευτο-Ιουδαίων Σιωνιστών του ψευτο-κράτους Ισραήλ το γεγονός ότι παρουσιάζουν αντίγραφα των τοιχογραφιών της συναγωγής της Δούρας Ευρωπού που βρίσκονται στο Μουσείο της Δαμασκού στο γελοίο μουσείο της ‘Διασποράς’ τους στο Τελ Αβίβ (The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot, Tel Aviv).
Και τούτο ισχύει επειδή οι λάτρεις και πιστοί που σύχναζαν στην συναγωγή της Δούρας Ευρωπού πριν από 2000 χρόνια δεν ήταν φυλετικώς Ιουδαίοι αλλά Αραμαίοι.
Δεν ελάτρευαν τον αρχαίο εβραϊκό θεό στα Ιεροσόλυμα – όπως η Σαμαρείτις των ευαγγελικών περικοπών είχε τονίσει στον Ιησού, και κείνος την είχε δικαιώσει.
Και μεγάλη θρησκευτική διαφορά οι Αραμαίοι της Σαμάρειας και οι Αραμαίοι της Δούρας Ευρωπού είχαν με τους Ιουδαίους των Ιεροσολύμων, και φυλετικώς ήσαν εντελώς διαφορετικοί.
Η συναγωγή της Δούρας Ευρωπού αποτελεί πολιτισμική, ιστορική κληρονομιά των Χριστιανών και Μουσουλμάνων Αραμαίων της Συρίας και σε καμμιά περίπτωση δεν έχει να κάνει με τους σημερινούς Ιουδαίους – είτε κάποιος αναφέρεται στους Σεφαρντί (που είναι απόγονοι των Ιουδαίων των χρόνων του Ιησού) είτε των Ασκενάζι Χαζάρων που είναι αλλόφυλοι και ψευτο-Ιουδαίοι το θρήσκευμα.
Δείτε το βίντεο:
Дура-Эвропос: арамейская синагога является частью культурного и исторического наследия Сирии, а не Израиля
https://ok.ru/video/1582135183981
Δείτε το βίντεο:
Дура-Эвропос: арамейская синагога относится не к прошлому современных евреев, а к прошлому сирийских арамейских христиан и мусульман
https://vk.com/video434648441_456240371
Περισσότερα:
Дура-Эвропос: арамейская синагога относится не к прошлому современных евреев, а к прошлому сирийских арамейских христиан и мусульман
Великолепная синагога Дура-Эвропоса в Восточной Сирии часто посещалась арамейцами, которые приняли древнюю иудейскую религию до 2000 лет – подобно самаритянам времен Иисуса. Эти люди не были этническими евреями, как жители крошечного иудейского царства, входившего в состав Римской империи. В более поздние периоды, а точнее после 256 г. н.э., когда император Сасанидов Шапур I вторгся и уничтожил Дура-Эвропоса, большинство местных арамейцев приняли христианство, и после раннего распространения ислама они придерживались этой религии.
Однако культурное наследие Дура-Эвропоса полностью принадлежит сегодняшним сирийцам, которые являются арамейцами (за исключением некоторых туркмен, курманджи, черкесов и армян), будь то христиане или мусульмане. Величественные настенные росписи синагоги Дура-Эвропоса были вывезены после раскопок и выставлены в Национальном археологическом музее Дамаска; поэтому они были спасены в годы потрясений (в период гражданской войны в Сирии), и у исламских террористов не было возможности уничтожить их. То же касается и большого количества фресок из других храмов и многочисленных предметов, найденных в Дура-Эвропосе.
В Сирии для современных арамейцев (христиан, говорящих на сирийском языке, или мусульман, говорящих на арабском языке), Митреум, синагога и другие дохристианские храмы Дура-Эвропоса имеют в точности ту же ценность, что и древнегреческие храмы для сегодняшних православных христиан Греции или Древние римские храмы для сегодняшних католических христиан Италии.
Поэтому абсолютно смешно, что копии настенных росписей синагоги Дура-Эвропоса были изготовлены и выставлены в так называемом «Музее еврейского народа» в Бейт-Хатфуцот, Тель-Авив. Современные евреи совершенно не связаны с иудейскими арамейцами Дура-Эвропоса как на этническом, так и на религиозном уровнях. В конце концов, евреи-сефарды никогда не украшали свои синагоги подобными настенными росписями и не изображали Моисея и других библейских фигур на стенах своих храмов.
Для сегодняшних израильтян размещение такой копии настенных росписей синагоги Дура-Эвропоса в их музее равносильно тому, что иранцы выставляют (в музее в Иране) копии настенных росписей Митреум Остии (близ Рима) под тем предлогом, что Римляне почитали иранского бога Митру. Но при любом рассмотрении Митреум Остии принадлежит к культурному и историческому наследию Италии, а не Ирана.
И точно так же арамейская синагога Дура-Эвропоса принадлежит к культурному и историческому наследию Сирии, а не Израиля.
Δείτε το βίντεο:
Dura Europos: the Aramaean Synagogue is Part of Syria’s Cultural & Historical Heritage, not Israel’s
https://orientalgreeks.livejournal.com/2125.html
Περισσότερα:
The splendid synagogue of Dura Europos in Eastern Syria was frequented by Aramaeans who accepted Ancient Judaic religion before 2000 years – like the Samaritans of the times of Jesus. These were not ethnic Jews like the inhabitants of the tiny state of Judaea that was part of the Roman Empire. In later periods, and more specifically after 256 CE when the Sassanid Emperor Shapur I invaded and destroyed Dura Europos, most the local Aramaeans accepted Christianity and after the early expansion of Islam they adhered to that religion.
However, the cultural heritage of Dura Europos belongs entirely to today’s Syrians, who are all Aramaeans (with the exception of some Turkmen, Kurmanji, Circassians, and Armenians), either they are Christian or Muslim. The majestic wall paintings of Dura Europos synagogue were transported after the excavation and exhibited in the National Archaeological Museum of Damascus; they were therefore saved during the years of upheaval (: the Syrian Civil War) and the Islamic terrorists did not have a chance to destroy them. The same concerns also a great number of frescoes from other temples and numerous objects unearthed in Dura Europos.
In Syria, for today’s Aramaeans (either Syriac speaking Christians or Arabic speaking Muslims), the Mithraeum, the Synagogue and the other pre-Christian temples of Dura Europos have exactly the same value as the Ancient Greek temples have for today’s Orthodox Christians of Greece or the Ancient Roman temples have for today’s Catholic Christians of Italy.
It is therefore absolutely ridiculous that replicas of the wall paintings of Dura Europos synagogue have been fabricated and exposed in the so-called “The Museum of the Jewish People” at Beit Hatfutsot, Tel Aviv. Modern Jews are totally unrelated to the Judaic Aramaeans of Dura Europos at both, the ethnic and the religious, levels. After all, Sephardi Jews never decorated any synagogue of theirs with similar wall paintings and they did not represent Moses and other Biblical figures on the walls of their temples.
For today’s Israelis to accommodate such a replica of the wall paintings of Dura Europos synagogue in their museum is tantamount to Iranians exhibiting (in a museum in Iran) replicas of the wall paintings of the Mithraeum of Ostia (near Rome) under the pretext that the Romans venerated the Iranian God Mithra. But under any consideration, the Mithraeum of Ostia belongs to the Cultural & Historical Heritage of Italy, not Iran.
And the Aramaean Synagogue of Dura Europos belongs to the Cultural & Historical Heritage of Syria, not Israel.
Δείτε το βίντεο:
Δούρα Ευρωπός: Συναγωγή Ιουδαίων Αραμαίων, Τοιχογραφίες στο Μουσείο της Δαμασκού, Αντίγραφα στο Τελ Αβίβ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E-dnLImhiCY
Περισσότερα:
The Dura-Europos synagogue (or “Dura Europas”, “Dura Europos” etc.) was an ancient synagogue uncovered at Dura-Europos, Syria, in 1932. The last phase of construction was dated by an Aramaic inscription to 244 CE, making it one of the oldest synagogues in the world. It was unique among the many ancient synagogues that have emerged from archaeological digs as the structure was preserved virtually intact, and it had extensive figurative wall-paintings, which came as a considerable surprise to scholars. These paintings are now displayed in the National Museum of Damascus.
Dura-Europos was a small garrison and trading city on the river Euphrates, and usually on the frontier between the Eastern Roman Empire and the Parthian and finally the Sassanid Empires of Persia. It changed hands at various points but was Roman from 165 CE. Before the final Persian destruction of the town in 256-257 CE, parts of the synagogue which abutted the main city wall were apparently requisitioned and filled with sand as a defensive measure. The city was abandoned after its fall and never resettled, and the lower walls of the rooms remained buried and largely intact until excavated. The short measure of time during which it was used ensured that it would have limited impact upon Judeo-Christian art. The excavations also discovered very important wall-paintings from places of worship of Christianity at the Dura-Europos church. In addition, there were wall paintings edifying Mithraism, and fragmentary Christian texts in Hebrew.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dura-Europos_synagogue
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Κατεβάστε το κείμενο σε Word doc.:
https://vk.com/doc429864789_625377722
https://www.docdroid.net/6P1wjG6/doura-efropos-oi-ioydaioi-aramaioi-i-sinaghoghi-kai-i-newteri-pseftoistoria-ton-sionistwn-docx
https://www.linkedin.com/posts/muhammad-shamsaddin-megalommatis-677982143_δούρα-ευρωπός-οι-ιουδαίοι-αραμαίοι-και-activity-6881337401168474113-i4yl/
Κοσμάς Μεγαλομμάτης, Μαρδούκ: Παγκόσμια Μυθολογία-1989
Κοσμάς Μεγαλομμάτης, Μαρδούκ: Παγκόσμια Μυθολογία, Ελληνική Εκπαιδευτική Εγκυκλοπαίδεια, 1989
Кузьма Мегаломматис, Мардук: мировая мифология, Греческая педагогическая энциклопедия, 1989
Kosmas Megalommatis, Marduk: Weltmythologie, Griechische Pädagogische Enzyklopädie, 1989
Kosmas Gözübüyükoğlu, Marduk: Dünya Mitolojisi, Yunan Pedagoji Ansiklopedisi, 1989
قزمان ميغالوماتيس، مردوک : اساطیر جهانی، دایره المعارف آموزشی یونانی، 1989
Côme Megalommatis, Marduk: Mythologie mondiale, Encyclopédie pédagogique grecque, 1989
1989 قزمان ميغالوماتيس، مردوخ (مرْدُوك) : الأساطير العالمية، الموسوعة التربوية اليونانية،
Cosimo Megalommatis, Marduk: mitologia mondiale, Enciclopedia pedagogica greca, 1989
Cosimo Megalommatis, Marduk: mitología mundial, Enciclopedia pedagógica griega, 1989
Cosmas Megalommatis, Marduk: World Mythology, Greek Pedagogical Encyclopedia, 1989
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